Creativity is an essential human trait that is defined by the formation of novel and useful ideas and concepts. It has been identified as a key factor for progress and advancement in various areas of our daily lives. Current research on creativity has made great advances using cognitive and psychological approaches. However, progress in the field is still hampered by heterogeneous conceptualizations and operationalizations of creativity. Furthermore, the foundation of creativity on the level of neuronal networks that would offer a deeper understanding of creative processes remains elusive. We firmly believe that a deeper insight of the general neural processes underlying creative thought has potentially huge implications for the understanding of human and eventually also non-human brain as well as artificial neuronal networks.